Instant Ocean® manufactured by Aquarium Systems, Inc.
(Printing on the 50 US gallon/189 liter size bag - See summary and comments below.)
Can be used immediately after mixing. Reaches and maintains proper pH quickly(1). Instant Ocean® is the most carefully formulated and most carefully manufactured synthetic sea salt in the world(2). Contains every major, minor and trace element necessary(3). Aquarium Systems, Inc. manufacturer of Instant Ocean®, was founded in 1964 to supply the needs of industrial and academic scientists who were exploring and researching in the rapidly expanding fields of marine biology and marine technology. These scientists expected and demanded the highest standards of quality, uniformity and consistency(4). Our commitment to these needs continues(5).... Mix instant Ocean® with ordinary dechlorinated water. Contact in dry form may cause skin or eye irritation. In case of contact, promptly flush eyes with plenty of water and get medical attention. As with any chemical product, keep out of children's reach. Manufactured by Aquarium Systems, Inc. Mentor, OH.
SUMMARY: pH. (1)Both samples mixed to a high pH. Ammonia and pH are related. The higher the pH the more toxic ammonia in the same water. (2&4)Mg. Both samples tested low in Magnesium vs. NSW. (2&4)Ca. Sample #1 was 6.5% higher and sample #2 was 6.5% less in calcium vs. NSW. (2&4)K. Sample #1 was 18% lower and sample #2 was 12.5% higher in potassium vs. NSW. (2&3&4)Br. Sample tested 91% deficient in bromide (believed to have a synergistic relationship with iodide). (2)Sr. Sample tested 14% low in strontium (believed to have a natural interaction with calcium, and beneficial to corals).
[Ed note: Both samples tested were inconsistent with advertising and packaging claims].
COMMENTS: Advertising claims 1) (2&4) "IO salt is the most carefully formulated and manufactured sea salt in the world" are inaccurate vs. variations in the test results. 2) (2&3)"IO salt contains every important major, minor and trace element necessary" is misleading. (3)Although all elements in nature are present, some are not added or found at usable levels, or at levels found in NSW, 3) (1)"IO salt can be used immediately after mixing". Incorrect. Test indicates potentially dangerous high pH in both samples one hour after mixing in deionized water (FAMA Oct. 1998 page 79). 4) "IO was created in 1964 to supply the needs of scientists (FAMA) April 1999 page 15 1) ... (5)"However, there is no mention that IO has been demonstrably reduced by omitting various components over the years." Artificial Seawaters Formulas and Methods Pages 274-279.
[Ed note: Co author of this book is the ex-Vice President of Aquarium Systems].
COMMENTS from Artificial Seawaters Formulas and Methods: 1) "The rational behind the formula (IO) is not to try and duplicate seawater, but to include only those elements known to be necessary... No studies supporting their choice of elements", page 275. 2) "According to the manufacturer (IO) emphasis has shifted from the composition of trace metal additions or supplements to proper mixing and packaging of the major ions" page 278. ISBN 0-86720-057-X © 1985 Jones & Bartlett Publishers, Inc.
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